Understanding H. pylori and Its Role in Stomach Cancer
H. pylori is a spiral-shaped bacterium that thrives in the acidic environment of the stomach. It is usually acquired in childhood and can persist for years, often unnoticed. While most infections do not cause symptoms, in some cases, H. pylori can damage the stomach lining, leading to:
Chronic inflammation (gastritis) Peptic ulcers Increased risk of stomach cancer
According to research, H. pylori infection is the leading cause of stomach cancer worldwide, responsible for nearly 60% of gastric cancer cases.
How Does H. pylori Lead to Stomach Cancer?
H. pylori affects the stomach lining in multiple ways:
1️⃣ Chronic Inflammation: Persistent irritation of the stomach lining can cause cellular changes that increase cancer risk.
2️⃣ Production of Toxins: Some H. pylori strains produce toxins like CagA, which damage stomach cells and trigger uncontrolled cell growth.
3️⃣ Increased Acid Production: The bacteria disrupts acid regulation, leading to an environment favorable for cancer development.
However, not everyone infected with H. pylori develops stomach cancer. Other risk factors, such as genetics, diet, and smoking, also play a role.
Symptoms of H. pylori Infection
Many people with H. pylori do not experience noticeable symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they may include:
Persistent stomach pain or discomfort Bloating and nausea Loss of appetite Unexplained weight loss Frequent heartburn Dark or bloody stools (indicating internal bleeding)
If you experience any of these symptoms, consult a specialist like Dr. Palas De for evaluation.
Diagnosing H. pylori Infection
Doctors use several tests to detect H. pylori, including:
Urea Breath Test: The patient drinks a special liquid, and a breath sample is analyzed for H. pylori byproducts. Stool Antigen Test: Detects H. pylori proteins in stool samples. Endoscopy with Biopsy: A small tissue sample is taken from the stomach lining for testing.
Treatment for H. pylori Infection
If diagnosed with H. pylori, doctors prescribe a combination of antibiotics and acid-suppressing medications. This treatment, known as triple or quadruple therapy, typically includes:
Two or more antibiotics (to kill the bacteria) Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (to reduce stomach acid and promote healing) Bismuth-based medications (for additional bacterial suppression)
Treatment usually lasts 10–14 days, with a follow-up test to confirm the infection is cleared.
Preventing H. pylori-Related Stomach Cancer
While not all cases of stomach cancer are preventable, reducing H. pylori infection risk can help:
Practice good hygiene – Wash hands before eating and after using the restroom. Eat a healthy diet – Include fruits, vegetables, and fiber-rich foods while avoiding excessive salt and processed meats. Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol consumption – These habits increase stomach cancer risk. Seek early medical attention – If you experience persistent stomach issues, get tested for H. pylori.
Dr. Palas De’s Expert Insight
“Early detection and treatment of H. pylori infection can significantly lower the risk of developing stomach cancer. If you have digestive discomfort or risk factors, consult a specialist to ensure timely intervention.”
Conclusion
H. pylori is a silent but significant risk factor for stomach cancer. While the infection itself may not always cause symptoms, early detection and treatment are crucial in preventing complications. If you are experiencing digestive issues or have concerns about stomach cancer, book a consultation with Dr. Palas De for expert guidance and care.
